Country history · Asia

History of Lebanon

28 recorded states lay in what is now Lebanon, from Byblos (2600 BCE) to Lebanon. 2 of them have a full profile, and 15 outside powers ruled here.

ProfileState (capital or seat)5 without a known seat not shownOpen in the atlas →

Profiles

Empires that ruled here

Timeline

27th century BCE

  1. Byblos2600 BCE – 332 BCE · profile

16th century BCE

  1. Beirut1500 BCE – 1150 BCE · city state
  2. Sidon1500 BCE – 332 BCE · city state
  3. Tyre1500 BCE – 332 BCE · city state

15th century BCE

  1. Kingdom of Amurru1400 BCE – 1190 BCE · kingdom

11th century BCE

  1. Aram-Zobah1050 BCE – 950 BCE · kingdom

2nd century BCE

  1. Ituraea115 BCE – 20 BCE · principality

1st century

  1. Herodian Kingdom of Chalcis41 CE – 92 CE · kingdom

3rd century

  1. Palmyrene Empire260 CE – 273 CE · kingdom

11th century

  1. Banu Ammar of Tripoli1070 CE – 1109 CE · emirate
  2. Seljuk Sultanate of Syria1079 CE – 1095 CE · sultanate
  3. Kingdom of Jerusalem1099 CE – 1291 CE · profile

12th century

  1. County of Tripoli1102 CE – 1289 CE · crusader state
  2. Lordship of Toron1105 CE – 1266 CE · crusader state
  3. Lordship of Beirut1110 CE – 1291 CE · crusader state
  4. Lordship of Sidon1110 CE – 1260 CE · crusader state
  5. Ayyubid Emirate of Baalbek1179 CE – 1260 CE · emirate
  6. Lordship of Tyre1187 CE – 1291 CE · crusader state

16th century

  1. Harfush emirate1500 CE – 1865 CE · emirate
  2. Mount Lebanon Emirate1516 CE – 1842 CE · emirate

19th century

  1. Mount Lebanon Double Qaimaqamate1842 CE – 1861 CE · other
  2. Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate1861 CE – 1918 CE · other

20th century

  1. Occupied Enemy Territory Administration1917 CE – 1920 CE · other
  2. Arab Kingdom of Syria1918 CE – 1920 CE · kingdom
  3. French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon1920 CE – 1946 CE · colony
  4. Greater Lebanon1920 CE – 1926 CE · other
  5. Lebanese Republic1926 CE – present · republic
  6. Lebanon1943 CE – present · republic

In the encyclopedia

Shared histories

States that also lay in other present-day countries:

States of Anatolia and the Levant → All country histories →

Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). History of Lebanon. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/lebanon
MLA
“History of Lebanon.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/lebanon. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “History of Lebanon.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/lebanon.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘History of Lebanon’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/lebanon (Accessed: ).