Encyclopedia: Z
329 entries under Z · page 3 of 4: Zhizdra (river) – Zuiderzee Works
- Zhizdra (river)PlaceThe Zhizdra is a river in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, a left tributary of the Oka about 220 km long.
ZhizhiPersonZhizhi was a Xiongnu chanyu of the first century BCE, a brother and rival of Huhanye during the civil war that split the Xiongnu Empire.
Zhol PillarWork / monumentThe Zhol Pillar is a stone pillar inscribed in Old Tibetan that stands below the Potala Palace in Lhasa.
ZhongduPlaceZhongdu, the Central Capital, was the main capital of the Jurchen Jin dynasty from 1153 to 1215, on the site of south-western Beijing.
Zhongyong of WuPersonZhongyong was, in Chinese tradition, the second son of the Zhou chieftain Gugong Danfu and a brother of Taibo.- Zhou DaguanPersonZhou Daguan was a Chinese official of the Yuan dynasty who accompanied an embassy sent by Temür Khan to Angkor in 1296–1297.
Zhou DeweiPersonZhou Dewei (died 918) was a leading general of the Shatuo state of Jin in northern China during the transition from the Tang to the Five Dynasties.
Zhou dynastyStateThe Zhou dynasty was the longest-ruling royal dynasty of China, which overthrew the Shang around 1046 BCE and nominally ruled until the State of Qin ended it in 256 BCE.
Zhou EnlaiPersonZhou Enlai was the first premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from 1949 until his death in 1976, and its foreign minister until 1958.
Zhou FohaiPersonZhou Fohai (1897–1948) was a Chinese politician who attended the founding congress of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921 before joining the Kuomintang.- Zhou QufeiPersonZhou Qufei was a Chinese scholar-official of the Southern Song dynasty who served in Guangxi.
- Zhou WenPersonZhou Wen was a general of Chen Sheng's Zhangchu during the Dazexiang uprising against the Qin dynasty.
Zhu Fan ZhiWork / monumentThe Zhu Fan Zhi ('Records of Foreign Peoples') is a Chinese work completed around 1225 by Zhao Rugua, a Song dynasty superintendent of maritime trade at Quanzhou.- Zhu LingshiPersonZhu Lingshi was a general of the Eastern Jin dynasty in the service of Liu Yu, the future founder of the Liu Song dynasty.
Zhu WenPersonZhu Wen was a Chinese military leader who first fought as a rebel under Huang Chao and then served the Tang Dynasty before turning against it.
Zhu XiPersonZhu Xi was a Chinese philosopher of the Southern Song Dynasty and the leading figure of Neo-Confucianism.- Zhu YingPersonZhu Ying was an official of Eastern Wu who travelled with Kang Tai on an embassy sent by Sun Quan to Funan, in mainland South-East Asia, in the mid-3rd century.
- Zhu YouguiPersonZhu Yougui was the second emperor of the Later Liang in the Five Dynasties period.
- Zhu YouzhenPersonZhu Youzhen was the last emperor of the Later Liang dynasty in northern China, a son of its founder Zhu Wen.
- Zhuang QiaoPersonZhuang Qiao was a general of the state of Chu who, according to the historian Sima Qian, led an army to the Lake Dian region of present-day Yunnan in the 3rd century BCE.
ZhuangziPersonZhuangzi (Zhuang Zhou) was a Daoist philosopher of the 4th century BCE, a native of the State of Song.
ZhuanxuPersonZhuanxu is a legendary ruler of ancient China, counted among the Five Emperors and said to be a grandson of the Yellow Emperor.
Zhuge LiangPersonZhuge Liang was the chancellor of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period and chief adviser to Liu Bei, whose alliance with Sun Quan led to victory at Red Cliffs in 208.
Zia ol Din TabatabaeePersonZia ol Din Tabatabaee was an Iranian journalist and politician who, with the Cossack officer Reza Khan, carried out the coup of 21 February 1921 that seized Tehran.
Ziaur RahmanPersonZiaur Rahman was a Bangladeshi army officer who announced the declaration of independence on radio in March 1971 and commanded forces in the Liberation War.
Zibhebhu kaMaphithaPersonZibhebhu kaMaphitha was a Zulu chief of the Mandlakazi, a branch of the royal house, who fought in the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879.
ZichanPersonZichan, personal name Gongsun Qiao, was chief minister of the State of Zheng from 543 BCE until his death in 522 BCE.- Zidan Abu MaaliPersonZidan Abu Maali, known as Mulay Zidan, was a son of Ahmad al-Mansur and Saadi sultan of Morocco from 1603 to 1627.
ZiębicePlaceZiębice (German Münsterberg) is a town in Lower Silesia, Poland, south of Wrocław.- Ziemomysł of InowrocławPersonZiemomysł of Inowrocław (c. 1245–1287) was a Polish prince of the Piast dynasty, a son of Casimir I of Kuyavia.
ZierikzeePlaceZierikzee is a historic town on the island of Schouwen-Duiveland in the Dutch province of Zeeland.
ZiesarPlaceZiesar is a small town in Brandenburg, Germany, west of Brandenburg an der Havel.- ZigguratTermA ziggurat is a massive stepped temple tower built in ancient Mesopotamia and Elam, with a shrine on its summit.
Ziggurat of UrWork / monumentThe Ziggurat of Ur is a great stepped temple tower at the ancient city of Ur in southern Iraq, dedicated to the moon god Nanna.- Zij-i SultaniWork / monumentThe Zij-i Sultani is the set of astronomical tables compiled at Ulugh Beg's observatory in Samarkand and completed around 1437.
- ZimbaPeople / groupThe Zimba were warrior bands from the Zambezi region who appear in Portuguese sources of the late 16th century.
ZimbabwePlaceZimbabwe is a landlocked country in southern Africa, whose name derives from the stone enclosures of Great Zimbabwe.
Zimbabwe African National UnionPeople / groupThe Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) was a nationalist movement formed in 1963 by a split from ZAPU, led from the mid-1970s by Robert Mugabe.
Zimbabwe African People's UnionPeople / groupThe Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) was a nationalist movement founded in 1961 under Joshua Nkomo to oppose white minority rule in Southern Rhodesia.- Zimbabwean plateauPlaceThe Zimbabwean plateau is a high plateau in southern Africa between the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers, rich in gold and suited to cattle herding.
- Zimri (king of Israel)PersonZimri was king of Israel for seven days around 885 BCE, according to the Bible.
Zimri-LimPersonZimri-Lim was the last king of Mari, a city-state on the middle Euphrates in present-day Syria, in the eighteenth century BCE.- Zinciriye MadrasaWork / monumentThe Zinciriye Madrasa, also known as the Sultan Isa Madrasa, is a medieval madrasa in Mardin in south-eastern Turkey, completed in 1385 under the Artuqid ruler Sultan…
- Zincirli MedreseWork / monumentThe Zincirli Medrese is an Islamic college built in 1500 by Khan Meñli I Giray at Salaçıq, near Bakhchysarai in Crimea, beside his family mausoleum.
ZinderPlaceZinder is a city in south-central Niger and the country's second-largest.- ZinkekraPlaceZinkekra is an archaeological site in the Fezzan region of south-western Libya, a fortified hilltop settlement above the Wadi al-Ajal.
- ZionismReligion / ideaZionism is the nationalist movement that emerged in the late nineteenth century to establish a Jewish national homeland in Palestine.
ZipaquiráPlaceZipaquirá is a town north of Bogotá in Cundinamarca, Colombia, built over large rock-salt deposits.- Zipoetes I of BithyniaPersonZipoetes I was a ruler of Bithynia in north-western Anatolia who successfully resisted the Hellenistic kings Lysimachus and Seleucus I.
- Ziri ibn AtiyyaPersonZiri ibn Atiyya was a chief of the Maghrawa, a Zenata Berber tribe, and an ally of the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba against the Fatimids.
- Ziri ibn ManadPersonZiri ibn Manad was a chief of the Sanhaja Berbers of the central Maghreb and a loyal ally of the Fatimid caliphs.
Zirid dynastyStateThe Zirid dynasty was a Sanhaja Berber dynasty that governed Ifriqiya, roughly present-day Tunisia and eastern Algeria, on behalf of the Fatimid Caliphate after the…
ZiryabPersonZiryab, born Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Nafi, was a musician and singer from Baghdad who settled at the court of Abd al-Rahman II in Córdoba in 822.
ZittauPlaceZittau is a town in the south-east of Saxony, Germany, near the borders with Poland and the Czech Republic.
ZiusudraPersonZiusudra is the hero of the Sumerian flood story, a king of Shuruppak warned by the god Enki to build a great boat and save life from the deluge.
ZiwiyePlaceZiwiye is a hilltop fortress site near Saqqez in Kurdistan province, Iran.
Ziyad ibn AbihiPersonZiyad ibn Abihi, "Ziyad son of his father", was an Arab administrator of uncertain parentage who rose under the early caliphs.
Ziyadat Allah IPersonZiyadat Allah I was the Aghlabid emir of Ifriqiya from 817 to 838.
Ziyadat Allah IIIPersonZiyadat Allah III was the last Aghlabid emir of Ifriqiya, who came to power in 903 after having his father, Abdallah II, murdered.
Ziyarid dynastyStateThe Ziyarid dynasty was an Iranian dynasty of Gilaki origin founded by Mardavij ibn Ziyar, which ruled Tabaristan and Gurgan on the southern shore of the Caspian Sea.- ZiyingPersonZiying was the last ruler of the Qin dynasty.
ZlínPlaceZlín is a city in eastern Moravia in the Czech Republic.
Zliten MosaicWork / monumentThe Zliten Mosaic is a Roman floor mosaic found at a villa at Zliten, near Leptis Magna in Libya, depicting gladiatorial combat and the killing of prisoners by wild…
Zmitser ZhylunovichPersonZmitser Zhylunovich was a Belarusian writer, known by the pen name Tsishka Hartny, and head of the provisional government of the Socialist Soviet Republic of…
ZnojmoPlaceZnojmo is a town in southern Moravia, Czech Republic, on the Thaya river near the Austrian border.
Zog IPersonZog I, born Ahmet Zogu, was an Albanian chieftain from Mat who dominated his country's politics between the wars.
Zograf MonasteryInstitutionZograf Monastery is the Bulgarian monastery of Mount Athos in northern Greece, traditionally founded in the late 10th century and dedicated to Saint George.
ZollfeldPlaceThe Zollfeld is a plain in the valley of the Glan, north of Klagenfurt in the Austrian state of Carinthia.
ZollvereinInstitutionThe Zollverein was the customs union of German states led by Prussia, which came into force on 1 January 1834.
ZoltaPersonZolta, or Zoltán, was a Hungarian grand prince of the 10th century, the youngest son of Árpád.
Zoltán TildyPersonZoltán Tildy was a Hungarian Reformed pastor and leader of the Independent Smallholders' Party, which won the elections of November 1945.- ZombaPlaceZomba is a city in southern Malawi, below the Zomba Plateau in the Shire Highlands.
- Zondo CommissionInstitutionThe Zondo Commission, formally the Judicial Commission of Inquiry into Allegations of State Capture, was a South African inquiry chaired by Deputy Chief Justice Raymond…
- Zones for Employment and Economic DevelopmentInstitutionZones for Employment and Economic Development (ZEDEs) were semi-autonomous charter cities permitted under a Honduran law of 2013, with their own legal, tax and…
ZoniansPeople / groupZonians were the American civilians who lived and worked in the Panama Canal Zone under United States administration from 1904 to 1979.
ZopyrionPersonZopyrion was a Macedonian general whom Alexander the Great left as governor of Thrace.- ZoquePeople / groupThe Zoque are an Indigenous people of western Chiapas and neighbouring parts of Oaxaca and Tabasco in Mexico, speaking a language of the Mixe-Zoque family, which many…
- Zorawar SinghPersonZorawar Singh was a Dogra general in the service of Gulab Singh of Jammu.
- ZoroasterPersonZoroaster was the prophet of ancient Iran whose hymns, the Gathas, stand at the origin of Zoroastrianism, among the world's oldest revealed religions.
- ZoroastrianismReligion / ideaZoroastrianism is an ancient Iranian religion founded on the teachings of the prophet Zoroaster, centred on the worship of Ahura Mazda and the struggle between good and…
- ZosimusPersonZosimus was a Byzantine historian who wrote, around 500, a New History in Greek covering the Roman Empire from Augustus to the year 410.
ZoskalesPersonZoskales was a king associated with Aksum in the first century CE, the earliest Aksumite ruler named in a written source.- ZottoPersonZotto was the first Lombard duke of Benevento, establishing himself there around 571 at the head of a Lombard war band, possibly after serving as a mercenary in…
- Zou WuzhuPersonZou Wuzhu was the first king of Minyue, the kingdom of the Min Yue people in present-day Fujian.
- Zou YanPersonZou Yan was a Chinese philosopher of the Warring States period associated with the Jixia Academy in Qi.
- Zou YaoPersonZou Yao was a descendant of King Goujian of Yue who helped the Han against Xiang Yu.
- Zou YingPersonZou Ying was a king of Minyue in present-day Fujian in the 2nd century BCE.
- Zou YushanPersonZou Yushan was a prince of the Minyue royal house in present-day Fujian.
ZouavesInstitutionThe Zouaves were light infantry regiments of the French Army, first raised in Algeria in 1830 and named after the Zwawa, a Kabyle tribal confederation that supplied the…
ZouchengPlaceZoucheng is a county-level city in south-western Shandong, just south of Qufu.
Zu ChongzhiPersonZu Chongzhi was a Chinese mathematician and astronomer of the Liu Song and Southern Qi dynasties.
ZubarahPlaceZubarah is a ruined town on the north-west coast of Qatar.
Al-Zubayr Rahma MansurPersonAl-Zubayr Rahma Mansur was a Sudanese slave-trading merchant and warlord of the nineteenth century who built a powerful private army in the Bahr al-Ghazal region.- ZubayridsPeople / groupThe Zubayrids were the supporters of Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, who claimed the caliphate from Mecca during the Second Fitna after the death of Yazid I in 683.
ZugdidiPlaceZugdidi is a city in western Georgia, the centre of Samegrelo, near the Enguri river and the boundary with Abkhazia.
Zugewandter OrtTermA Zugewandter Ort (associated place) was a territory allied with the Old Swiss Confederacy without being a full member canton.- Zuhayr ibn QaysPersonZuhayr ibn Qays al-Balawi was an Arab commander sent by the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik to recover Ifriqiya after the death of Uqba ibn Nafi.
- Zuhayr of AlmeríaPersonZuhayr was a freedman of the Amirid household, of Slavic (Saqaliba) origin, who ruled the taifa of Almería in al-Andalus from about 1028, succeeding his fellow freedman…
ZuiderzeePlaceThe Zuiderzee was a shallow inlet of the North Sea in the north-west Netherlands, enlarged by storm floods in the Middle Ages.
Zuiderzee WorksWork / monumentThe Zuiderzee Works were a system of dams, dikes and land reclamation in the Netherlands, authorised in 1918 after a flood in 1916 and based on plans by the engineer…