Encyclopedia: P
1,704 entries under P · page 13 of 18: Pope Callixtus II – Portonaccio Temple
Pope Callixtus IIPersonCallixtus II, born Guy of Burgundy, was pope from 1119 to 1124.
Pope Callixtus IIIPersonCallixtus III, born Alfons de Borja near Xàtiva in the Kingdom of Valencia, was pope from 1455 to 1458, the first of the Borgia popes.
Pope Clement IIPersonPope Clement II, born Suidger, was bishop of Bamberg when Emperor Henry III had him made pope in 1046, after the Synod of Sutri removed three rival claimants.
Pope Clement IIIPersonPope Clement III, born Paolo Scolari in Rome, was pope from 1187 to 1191.
Pope Clement IVPersonPope Clement IV (c. 1190–1268), born Guy Foulquois, was a French lawyer and adviser to Louis IX who became pope in 1265.
Pope Clement VIPersonClement VI, born Pierre Roger, was pope from 1342 to 1352, ruling from Avignon.
Pope Clement VIIPersonPope Clement VII (1478–1534), born Giulio de' Medici, was pope from 1523 to 1534.
Pope Clement VIIIPersonPope Clement VIII reigned from 1592 to 1605.
Pope Clement XIIIPersonClement XIII, born Carlo Rezzonico in Venice, was pope from 1758 to 1769.
Pope CorneliusPersonCornelius was bishop of Rome from 251 until his death in exile at Centumcellae in 253, and is venerated as a saint and martyr.
Pope Eugene IVPersonEugene IV, born Gabriele Condulmer in Venice, was pope from 1431 to 1447.- Pope FrancisPersonPope Francis, born Jorge Mario Bergoglio in Buenos Aires, was a Jesuit who served as Archbishop of Buenos Aires from 1998 and was elected pope on 13 March 2013.
Pope Gregory IPersonPope Gregory I, known as Gregory the Great, was pope from 590 to 604.
Pope Gregory IIPersonGregory II was pope from 715 to 731.
Pope Gregory IXPersonGregory IX was pope from 1227 to 1241, a relative of Innocent III.
Pope Gregory VIIPersonPope Gregory VII, born Hildebrand, reigned from 1073 to 1085 and gave his name to the Gregorian reform.
Pope Gregory XPersonGregory X was pope from 1271 to 1276, elected after a vacancy of almost three years.
Pope Gregory XIPersonGregory XI was pope from 1370 to 1378, the last French pope.
Pope Gregory XIIIPersonGregory XIII was pope from 1572 to 1585.
Pope Honorius IIIPersonPope Honorius III reigned from 1216 to 1227.
Pope Innocent IIPersonPope Innocent II, born Gregorio Papareschi, was pope from 1130 to 1143.- Pope Innocent IIIPersonPope Innocent III, born Lotario dei Conti di Segni, led the Church from 1198 to 1216 and was one of the most powerful medieval popes.
Pope Innocent IVPersonPope Innocent IV reigned from 1243 to 1254.
Pope Innocent XPersonInnocent X, born Giovanni Battista Pamphili, was pope from 1644 to 1655.
Pope Innocent XIIPersonInnocent XII was pope from 1691 to 1700.
Pope John XIIPersonPope John XII was bishop of Rome in the mid-tenth century.
Pope John XIXPersonPope John XIX, born Romanus, was pope from 1024 to 1032, a member of the family of the counts of Tusculum.
Pope John XXIIPersonPope John XXII, born Jacques Duèze in Cahors, was pope from 1316 to 1334, the second of the Avignon popes.
Pope Julius IIPersonPope Julius II, born Giuliano della Rovere, was pope from 1503 to 1513 and known as the 'warrior pope'.
Pope Leo IIIPersonPope Leo III was bishop of Rome from 795 to 816.
Pope Leo IVPersonLeo IV was pope from 847 to 855.
Pope Leo IXPersonPope Leo IX, born Bruno of Egisheim-Dagsburg, was bishop of Toul before reigning as pope from 1049 to 1054.
Pope Leo XIIIPersonPope Leo XIII (1810–1903), born Vincenzo Gioacchino Pecci, was head of the Catholic Church from 1878 to 1903.
Pope Leo XIVPersonPope Leo XIV, born Robert Francis Prevost in Chicago in 1955, was elected pope on 8 May 2025 after the death of Pope Francis, becoming the first pope from the United…
Pope Martin VPersonMartin V, born Oddone Colonna, was pope from 1417 to 1431.
Pope Paul IIPersonPaul II, born Pietro Barbo, was pope from 1464 to 1471.
Pope Paul IIIPersonPaul III, born Alessandro Farnese, was pope from 1534 to 1549.
Pope Paul IVPersonPaul IV, born Gian Pietro Carafa, was pope from 1555 to 1559 and a leading figure of the Counter-Reformation.
Pope Pius IIPersonPius II, born Enea Silvio Piccolomini, was a humanist scholar and pope from 1458 to 1464.
Pope Pius IVPersonPius IV (1499–1565), born Giovanni Angelo Medici in Milan, was pope from 1559 to 1565.
Pope Pius IXPersonPope Pius IX reigned from 1846 to 1878, the longest pontificate in history.
Pope Pius VPersonPope Pius V, a Dominican and former inquisitor, reigned from 1566 to 1572 and enforced the decrees of the Council of Trent.
Pope Pius VIPersonPius VI, born Giovanni Angelo Braschi, was pope from 1775 to 1799.
Pope Pius VIIPersonPius VII, born Barnaba Chiaramonti, was pope from 1800 to 1823.
Pope Pius XIPersonPope Pius XI, born Achille Ratti, was pope from 1922 to 1939.
Pope SiriciusPersonSiricius was bishop of Rome from 384 to 399.
Pope Sixtus IVPersonPope Sixtus IV reigned from 1471 to 1484.
Pope Sixtus VPersonSixtus V was pope from 1585 to 1590.
Pope Stephen IIPersonPope Stephen II reigned from 752 to 757.
Pope Sylvester IIPersonPope Sylvester II, born Gerbert of Aurillac, was a French scholar who became the first French pope, reigning from 999 to 1003.
Pope Urban IIPersonPope Urban II was bishop of Rome from 1088 to 1099.
Pope Urban IVPersonPope Urban IV, born Jacques Pantaléon in Troyes, was pope from 1261 to 1264, a former archdeacon of Liège and patriarch of Jerusalem.
Pope Urban VIIIPersonUrban VIII, born Maffeo Barberini, was pope from 1623 to 1644.
Pope ZacharyPersonPope Zachary was a Greek-speaking pope from Calabria who held office from 741 to 752.
PopocatépetlPlacePopocatépetl is an active volcano in central Mexico, at about 5,400 metres the country's second-highest peak, on the borders of the states of Puebla, Morelos and Mexico.
Popol VuhWork / monumentThe Popol Vuh, 'Council Book', is the sacred narrative of the K'iche' Maya of Guatemala.
Poppaea SabinaPersonPoppaea Sabina was a Roman noblewoman, wife of Otho and then, from 62 CE, of the emperor Nero.- Poppo of FrisiaPersonPoppo, also called Bubo, was a king of the Frisians in the early 8th century, probably the successor of Redbad.
- Popular Front (Chile)People / groupThe Popular Front was a coalition of Chilean centre and left parties, led by the Radical Party with the Socialists and Communists, formed in 1936.
- Popular Front (France)People / groupThe Popular Front was an alliance of the French Socialist, Radical and Communist parties, formed against fascism, which won the elections of 1936.
Popular Front (Spain)People / groupThe Popular Front was an electoral coalition of Spanish left-wing parties, including Republicans, Socialists and Communists, formed in January 1936.- Popular Front of EstoniaPeople / groupThe Popular Front of Estonia was a mass political movement founded in 1988 to support Mikhail Gorbachev's reforms and win greater self-government for Estonia within the…
Popular Front of LatviaPeople / groupThe Popular Front of Latvia was a mass movement founded in October 1988 to campaign for Latvian sovereignty and, soon, full independence from the Soviet Union.- Population Registration Act, 1950Work / monumentThe Population Registration Act of 1950 required every South African to be classified and registered by race, as white, coloured or native, later black, with Indians…
- PorcelainTermPorcelain is a fine, hard, translucent ceramic first developed in China.
PorfiriatoTermThe Porfiriato was the period of Porfirio Díaz's rule in Mexico, from 1876 to 1911, with an interval from 1880 to 1884.
Porfirio DíazPersonPorfirio Díaz was a Mexican general, hero of the war against the French intervention, who seized power in 1876 and ruled almost continuously until 1911.
PorkkalaPlacePorkkala is a peninsula on the Gulf of Finland about 30 kilometres west of Helsinki.
PoroInstitutionThe Poro is a secret society for men among peoples of Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea and Côte d'Ivoire, including the Mende, Temne, Kpelle and Vai.
PorrentruyPlacePorrentruy is a town in the canton of Jura in north-western Switzerland, near the French border.
Port Arthur, TasmaniaPlacePort Arthur was a penal settlement on the Tasman Peninsula in south-east Tasmania, founded in 1830 as a timber station and from 1833 used for convicts who reoffended in…
Port LouisPlacePort Louis is the capital and main harbour of Mauritius.
Port MoresbyPlacePort Moresby is the capital of Papua New Guinea, on the south coast of the island of New Guinea.
Port of Saint SymeonPlaceThe Port of Saint Symeon was the harbour of Antioch at the mouth of the Orontes, near the ancient port of Seleucia Pieria and present-day Samandağ in Turkey.
Port of SpainPlacePort of Spain is the capital of Trinidad and Tobago, on the Gulf of Paria in north-western Trinidad.
Port Phillip DistrictPlaceThe Port Phillip District was an administrative district of the colony of New South Wales covering present-day Victoria, from 1836 to 1851.
Port RashidWork / monumentPort Rashid is a port in Dubai, named after the ruler Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum and opened in 1972.
Port St JohnsPlacePort St Johns is a town on the Wild Coast of the Eastern Cape in South Africa, at the mouth of the Mzimvubu River.
Port VilaPlacePort Vila is a port town on the island of Efate and the capital of Vanuatu.
Port-au-PrincePlacePort-au-Prince is the capital and largest city of Haiti, on a bay at the eastern end of the Gulf of Gonâve.
Port-Royal (Acadia)PlacePort-Royal was the capital of French Acadia, founded in 1605 by Pierre Dugua de Mons and Samuel de Champlain on the Annapolis Basin in present-day Nova Scotia.- Porta all'ArcoWork / monumentThe Porta all'Arco is an arched gate in the walls of Volterra, Tuscany, built of large stone blocks when the Etruscan city of Velathri was fortified in the 4th century…
Porta PiaWork / monumentPorta Pia is a gate in the Aurelian Walls of Rome, designed by Michelangelo for Pope Pius IV and built in the 1560s.- Porta RosaWork / monumentThe Porta Rosa is a stone gateway of the 4th century BCE at the site of Elea, Roman Velia, in Campania, southern Italy.
PortaraWork / monumentThe Portara is a massive marble doorway on the islet of Palatia at the harbour of Naxos town, Greece, the only standing part of an unfinished temple begun around 530…
Porte de MarsWork / monumentThe Porte de Mars is a Roman triumphal arch in Reims, France, built in the 3rd century CE.- PortendickPlacePortendick was a trading anchorage on the Atlantic coast of Mauritania, north of the Senegal River.
PorticiPlacePortici is a town on the Bay of Naples at the foot of Vesuvius, in Campania, southern Italy.
PortlaoisePlacePortlaoise is the county town of County Laois in the Irish midlands.
PortmahomackPlacePortmahomack is a village on the Tarbat peninsula in Easter Ross, Scotland.
PortoPlacePorto is Portugal's second city, on the north bank of the Douro near its mouth.
Porto ErcolePlacePorto Ercole is a fortified harbour town on the Monte Argentario promontory on the coast of southern Tuscany.
Porto LongonePlacePorto Longone, today Porto Azzurro, is a harbour town on the east coast of Elba.
Porto Santo StefanoPlacePorto Santo Stefano is a port town on the north side of Monte Argentario in southern Tuscany.
Porto TorresPlacePorto Torres is a port town in north-western Sardinia, the Roman colony of Turris Libisonis.
Porto-NovoPlacePorto-Novo is a port city on the coast of present-day Benin, now its official capital.
PortobeloPlacePortobelo is a port on the Caribbean coast of Panama, founded in 1597 to replace Nombre de Dios as the Atlantic end of the treasure route across the isthmus.
PortoferraioPlacePortoferraio is the main town and port of the island of Elba, off the coast of Tuscany.
Portolá expeditionEventThe Portolá expedition was a Spanish overland expedition led by Gaspar de Portolá in 1769–1770 to occupy Alta California, prompted by fears of Russian and British…
Portonaccio TempleWork / monumentThe Portonaccio Temple was an Etruscan sanctuary outside the walls of Veii, dedicated to the goddess Minerva (Menrva), whose temple was built in the late 6th century BCE.