Encyclopedia: S
2,800 entries under S · page 20 of 28: Soga clan – Sophocles
Soga clanPeople / groupThe Soga clan was a powerful aristocratic lineage of the Yamato court in Japan in the 6th and 7th centuries.- Sogdian Ancient LettersWork / monumentThe Sogdian Ancient Letters are private and business letters written in the early 4th century by Sogdians living in China, found by Aurel Stein in 1907 in an abandoned…
SogdiansPeople / groupThe Sogdians were an Iranian people of Central Asia centred on Samarkand and Bukhara, famed as merchants along the Silk Road.
SognefjordPlaceThe Sognefjord is the longest and deepest fjord in Norway, running about 205 km inland from the coast of Vestland in western Norway and reaching depths of over 1,300 m.
SoharPlaceSohar is a port city on the Batinah coast of northern Oman.
Soil erosionTermSoil erosion is the loss of the fertile top layer of soil through the action of water, wind or overuse.
SoissonsPlaceSoissons is a town on the Aisne in northern France.
Sojourner TruthPersonSojourner Truth was an American abolitionist and campaigner for women's rights, born into slavery in New York as Isabella Baumfree.- Sökmen al-QutbiPersonSökmen al-Qutbi was a Turkish mamluk officer of the Seljuks who took Ahlat on Lake Van from the Marwanids in 1100.
- Sökmen ibn ArtuqPersonSökmen ibn Artuq was a Turkmen commander, son of Artuq, who held Jerusalem with his brother Ilghazi until the Fatimids took it in 1098.
Sökmen IIPersonSökmen II was the longest-reigning ruler of the Shah-Armen dynasty of Ahlat, from 1128 to 1185.
Sokoto CaliphateStateThe Sokoto Caliphate was an Islamic state in what is now northern Nigeria, founded through the jihad led by Usman dan Fodio from 1804.
Sol PlaatjePersonSol Plaatje was a South African journalist, writer and political leader, a founder and the first general secretary of the South African Native National Congress in 1912.
SolapurPlaceSolapur is a city in southern Maharashtra, India, near the border with Karnataka.
Solar cellTermA solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electronic device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect; the French…
SolduzPlaceSolduz is a valley and plain in West Azerbaijan province of north-western Iran, south of Lake Urmia, around the modern town of Naqadeh.
SolebPlaceSoleb is a site on the west bank of the Nile in northern Sudan, between the Second and Third Cataracts, with a great temple built by Amenhotep III in the 14th century…- Solemn Pact of Society and UnionWork / monumentThe Solemn Pact of Society and Union between the Provinces that form the State of Quito was a constitution adopted by a congress in Quito in February 1812.
The SolentPlaceThe Solent is the strait between the Isle of Wight and the mainland of southern England, a sheltered waterway leading to the harbours of Southampton and Portsmouth.- Soleyman Khan ArdalanPersonSoleyman Khan Ardalan was a wali of Ardalan, the Kurdish principality on the Safavid frontier with the Ottoman Empire.
Solidarity (Polish trade union)InstitutionSolidarity is a Polish trade union that emerged at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk in August 1980, the first independent union in a Warsaw Pact country to be recognised by…
SolidusTermThe solidus was a gold coin introduced by the Roman emperor Constantine in the early fourth century.
SolimõesPlaceSolimões is the name used in Brazil for the upper course of the Amazon from the Peruvian border to its confluence with the Rio Negro near Manaus.
SolingenPlaceSolingen is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in the hills of the Bergisches Land above the Wupper river.
SolokhaPlaceSolokha is a royal Scythian burial mound of the late 5th or early 4th century BCE near the lower Dnieper in southern Ukraine.
SolomonPersonSolomon was a king of ancient Israel, celebrated in the Bible for his wisdom and wealth.- Solomon Gafabusa Iguru IPersonSolomon Gafabusa Iguru I is the omukama of Bunyoro-Kitara, crowned in 1994 after the monarchy was restored as a cultural institution without governmental powers.
Solomon I of ImeretiPersonSolomon I was king of Imereti in western Georgia from 1752 to 1784, with an interruption in the 1760s.
Solomon II of ImeretiPersonSolomon II of Imereti was the last king of Imereti in western Georgia, reigning from 1789 to 1810.
Solomon KrymPersonSolomon Krym was a Crimean Karaite agronomist and liberal politician.- Solomon Mahlangu Freedom CollegeInstitutionThe Solomon Mahlangu Freedom College was a school founded by the African National Congress in 1978 at Mazimbu near Morogoro in Tanzania, on land given by the Tanzanian…
Solomonic dynastyStateThe Solomonic dynasty ruled Ethiopia from 1270, when Yekuno Amlak overthrew the Zagwe dynasty, until the deposition of Haile Selassie in 1974.
SolonPersonSolon was an Athenian statesman, lawgiver and poet.
SolorPlaceSolor is a small island in the Lesser Sunda Islands of eastern Indonesia, east of Flores.
SolsonèsPlaceSolsonès is a comarca, or county, in the pre-Pyrenean interior of Catalonia, Spain, with its capital at Solsona, a cathedral city and seat of a bishopric.
SoluntoPlaceSolunto is an archaeological site on Monte Catalfano near Santa Flavia, east of Palermo in Sicily, on the site of ancient Soloeis or Solus.
Solway FirthPlaceThe Solway Firth is an inlet of the Irish Sea that forms part of the border between England and Scotland, between Cumbria and Dumfries and Galloway.- SolymiPeople / groupThe Solymi were an ancient people of southern Anatolia, placed by Greek writers in the mountains of Pisidia and Lycia.
- Somadeva SuriPersonSomadeva Suri was a 10th-century Jain monk and scholar who lived at the court of the Vemulavada Chalukyas, feudatories of the Rashtrakutas.
Somali Civil WarWar · 1991–presentThe Somali Civil War is the armed conflict in Somalia that grew out of resistance to the military regime of Siad Barre in the 1980s and became general after his…
Somali National MovementPeople / groupThe Somali National Movement was a rebel organisation founded in 1981, drawing mainly on the Isaaq clans of northern Somalia, to fight the regime of Siad Barre.
Somali RegionPlaceThe Somali Region is the easternmost regional state of Ethiopia, inhabited mainly by ethnic Somalis and bordering Somalia, Djibouti and Kenya.
Somali Youth LeaguePeople / groupThe Somali Youth League was the leading nationalist party of Somalia.
SomaliaPlaceSomalia is a region in the Horn of Africa along the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean.- Somaliland campaign (1900–1920)War · 1900–1920The Somaliland campaign was the series of British expeditions from 1900 to 1920 against the Dervish movement of Mohammed Abdullah Hassan in the Horn of Africa.
- SomalisPeople / groupThe Somalis are a Cushitic-speaking people of the Horn of Africa, predominantly Muslim.
SomanathapuraPlaceSomanathapura is a village in Mysuru district, Karnataka, India, on the Kaveri river.
Somapura MahaviharaWork / monumentSomapura Mahavihara is the ruin of a great Buddhist monastery at Paharpur in Naogaon District, Bangladesh, founded by the Pala king Dharmapala in the late eighth century.
Somba OpuPlaceSomba Opu was the fortified royal capital and port of the Gowa Sultanate near modern Makassar in South Sulawesi.
SomerledPersonSomerled was a Norse-Gaelic warlord of Argyll who married a daughter of Olaf I, king of Mann and the Isles.
SomersetPlaceSomerset is a county of south-west England, between the Bristol Channel and Dorset, with its county town at Taunton.
SomeșPlaceThe Someș (Hungarian: Szamos) is a river of north-western Romania and eastern Hungary, a left tributary of the Tisza.
Someshvara IPersonSomeshvara I, also called Ahavamalla, was king of the Western Chalukya Empire from 1042 to 1068.
Someshvara IIPersonSomeshvara II was king of the Western Chalukya Empire from 1068 to 1076, the eldest son of Someshvara I.
Someshvara IIIPersonSomeshvara III, also called Bhulokamalla, was king of the Western Chalukya Empire from 1126 to 1138, the son of Vikramaditya VI.
Someshvara IVPersonSomeshvara IV was the last ruler of the Western Chalukya Empire.
Somme (river)PlaceThe Somme is a river of northern France, flowing about 245 km west through Picardy past Saint-Quentin, Amiens and Abbeville to the English Channel.
Somnath templeWork / monumentThe Somnath temple is a Hindu temple of Shiva on the coast of Saurashtra in Gujarat, India, revered as the first of the twelve jyotirlingas.- Somoza familyPeople / groupThe Somoza family ruled Nicaragua as a political dynasty from 1936 to 1979.
Son Ngoc ThanhPersonSon Ngoc Thanh was a Cambodian nationalist who co-founded the Khmer-language newspaper Nagaravatta in 1936 and fled to Japan in 1942.
Son of HeavenTermSon of Heaven (tianzi) was a title of the Chinese ruler, first used by the kings of the Western Zhou, expressing the idea that the ruler held a mandate from Heaven to…
Sonam GyatsoPersonSonam Gyatso was a leading lama of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism and abbot of Drepung monastery.
SonargaonPlaceSonargaon, the old Suvarnagrama, is a historic town near Narayanganj in central Bangladesh.
SonderbundPeople / groupThe Sonderbund was a defensive league formed in 1845 by seven Catholic and conservative Swiss cantons, Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, Zug, Fribourg and Valais…
Sonderbund WarWar · 1847The Sonderbund War was a brief civil war in Switzerland in November 1847, in which the federal army under General Guillaume-Henri Dufour defeated the Sonderbund, a…
SondershausenPlaceSondershausen is a town in northern Thuringia, below the Hainleite hills.
Song DynastyStateThe Song Dynasty ruled China from 960 to 1279, first from Kaifeng in the north and then, after the Jin conquest of the north, from Hangzhou in the south.
Song JiaorenPersonSong Jiaoren was a Chinese revolutionary and a founder of the Kuomintang, which he led to victory in China's first national parliamentary elections in 1912–1913.- Song of ReleaseWork / monumentThe Song of Release is a Hurrian poem preserved in a bilingual Hurrian–Hittite version on tablets from Hattusa, dating from the fifteenth century BCE.
Song of SongsWork / monumentThe Song of Songs, also called the Song of Solomon, is a book of the Hebrew Bible consisting of love poems in the voices of a woman and her lover.
Song of the Albigensian CrusadeWork / monumentThe Song of the Albigensian Crusade is an Occitan epic poem of nearly 10,000 lines describing the crusade against the Cathars from 1208 to 1219.- SongadhPlaceSongadh is a town in Tapi district, south-eastern Gujarat, India, overlooked by a hill fort.
SongeaPlaceSongea is a town in southern Tanzania and the capital of Ruvuma Region.- Songhai conquest of TimbuktuCampaign · 1468The Songhai conquest of Timbuktu took place in 1468, when Sunni Ali took the city from the Tuareg, who had held it since Mali's decline.
Songhai EmpireStateThe Songhai Empire was a West African state centred on Gao on the middle Niger, which expanded in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries under Sunni Ali and Askia…
Songhai peoplePeople / groupThe Songhai are a people of West Africa living along the middle Niger in Mali and Niger, around towns such as Gao, Timbuktu and Niamey.
Songhua RiverPlaceThe Songhua is a river of north-eastern China, the largest tributary of the Amur.
SongkhlaPlaceSongkhla is a city in southern Thailand, on a narrow strip of land between the Gulf of Thailand and the Songkhla Lake lagoon.
Songtsen GampoPersonSongtsen Gampo was the emperor who built the Tibetan Empire in the early 7th century, ruling until 649 with Lhasa as his capital.- Song–Đại Việt warWar · 1075–1077The Song–Đại Việt war was fought between the Song dynasty of China and the Lý dynasty of Đại Việt in 1075–1077.
- Soni ShahPersonSoni Shah was a Ponwar Rajput who had served the Bundela rulers of Bundelkhand.
- SoninkePeople / groupThe Soninke are a Mande people of West Africa, living in the area of modern Mali, Mauritania and Senegal.
- SonmianiPlaceSonmiani is a small coastal town in the Lasbela District of Balochistan, Pakistan, on a lagoon of the Arabian Sea north-west of Karachi.
- Sonni dynastyStateThe Sonni dynasty was a line of rulers of Songhai based at Gao.
Sonnō jōiReligion / ideaSonnō jōi, meaning revere the emperor, expel the barbarians, was a political slogan of the late Tokugawa period.
Sonohyan-utaki IshimonWork / monumentThe Sonohyan-utaki Ishimon is a stone gate before a sacred grove beside Shuri Castle on Okinawa, built in 1519 under King Shō Shin.
Sonoma, CaliforniaPlaceSonoma is a town in northern California, north of San Francisco Bay, that grew around the Mission San Francisco Solano, the last of the California missions, founded in…
SonoraPlaceSonora is a state of north-western Mexico bordering Arizona, with its capital at Hermosillo.
SonsonatePlaceSonsonate is a city in western El Salvador and capital of the department of the same name.
Sook ChingEventSook Ching, meaning "purge through cleansing", was the mass killing of ethnic Chinese by the Japanese military in Singapore and Malaya after the fall of Singapore in…- SoolPlaceSool is an administrative region in northern Somalia, with its capital at Las Anod.
SoparaPlaceSopara, ancient Shurparaka, is a town north of Mumbai in Palghar district of Maharashtra, India, now part of the Nala Sopara area.
Sophia Albertina of SwedenPersonSophia Albertina of Sweden was a Swedish princess, daughter of King Adolf Frederick and sister of Gustav III.
Sophia Dorothea of CellePersonSophia Dorothea of Celle was the only child of George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and was married in 1682 to her cousin George Louis of Hanover, later George I…
Sophia of HanoverPersonSophia of Hanover was a princess of the Palatinate, daughter of Frederick V and Elizabeth Stuart, who married Ernest Augustus, later Elector of Hanover.
Sophia OlelkovichPersonSophia Olelkovich was the last heiress of the Olelkovich princes of Slutsk.
Sophia PalaiologinaPersonSophia Palaiologina was a Byzantine princess, niece of the last emperor Constantine XI, who married Ivan III of Moscow in 1472.- Sophie of BarPersonSophie of Bar was countess of Bar from 1033, a descendant of Duke Frederick of Upper Lorraine.
Sophie of BrabantPersonSophie of Brabant (1224–1275) was a daughter of Saint Elizabeth of Hungary and Landgrave Louis IV of Thuringia, and the wife of Duke Henry II of Brabant.
SophoclesPersonSophocles was an Athenian tragic playwright who lived from about 497 to 406 BCE.