Country history · Europe

History of Greece

196 recorded states lay in what is now Greece, from the Palace State of Knossos (1950 BCE) to the Hellenic Republic. 17 of them have a full profile, and 18 outside powers ruled here.

ProfileState (capital or seat)19 without a known seat not shownOpen in the atlas →

Profiles

Empires that ruled here

Timeline

20th century BCE

  1. Palace State of Knossos1950 BCE – 1375 BCE · kingdom
  2. Palace State of Malia1950 BCE – 1450 BCE · kingdom
  3. Palace State of Phaistos1950 BCE – 1450 BCE · kingdom
  4. Palace State of Zakros1900 BCE – 1450 BCE · kingdom

17th century BCE

  1. Kingdom of Mycenae1650 BCE – 1100 BCE · kingdom
  2. Kingdom of Pylos1650 BCE – 1180 BCE · kingdom
  3. Kingdom of Tiryns1600 BCE – 1100 BCE · kingdom
  4. Mycenaean Kingdom of Iolkos1600 BCE – 1200 BCE · kingdom
  5. Mycenaean Kingdom of Orchomenos1600 BCE – 1200 BCE · kingdom
  6. Mycenaean Kingdom of Thebes1600 BCE – 1200 BCE · kingdom

16th century BCE

  1. Mycenaean Kingdom of Laconia1500 BCE – 1200 BCE · kingdom

15th century BCE

  1. Ahhiyawa1450 BCE – 1200 BCE · kingdom

11th century BCE

  1. Chios1000 BCE – 86 BCE · profile
  2. Methymna1000 BCE – 129 BCE · city state
  3. Mytilene1000 BCE – 79 BCE · city state
  4. Samos1000 BCE – 129 BCE · profile

10th century BCE

  1. Aegina900 BCE – 431 BCE · city state
  2. Andros900 BCE – 200 BCE · city state
  3. Argos900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  4. Athens900 BCE – 86 BCE · profile
  5. Chalcis900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  6. Corinth900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  7. Elis900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  8. Epidaurus900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  9. Eretria900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  10. Ialysos900 BCE – 408 BCE · city state
  11. Kamiros900 BCE – 408 BCE · city state
  12. Keos900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  13. Knossos900 BCE – 67 BCE · profile
  14. Kos900 BCE – 129 BCE · city state
  15. Lindos900 BCE – 408 BCE · city state
  16. Megara900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  17. Melos900 BCE – 416 BCE · city state
  18. Naxos900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  19. Paros900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  20. Phaistos900 BCE – 150 BCE · city state
  21. Phlius900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  22. Sicyon900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  23. Siphnos900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  24. Sparta900 BCE – 146 BCE · profile
  25. Thebes900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  26. Thera900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  27. Troezen900 BCE – 146 BCE · city state

9th century BCE

  1. Kingdom of Macedon808 BCE – 336 BCE · kingdom
  2. Aegium800 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  3. Delphi800 BCE – 146 BCE · profile
  4. Dyme800 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  5. Eleutherna800 BCE – 67 BCE · city state
  6. Hermione800 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  7. Karystos800 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  8. Patrae800 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  9. Pellene800 BCE – 146 BCE · city state

8th century BCE

  1. Corcyra734 BCE – 229 BCE · city state
  2. Methone (Pieria)733 BCE – 354 BCE · city state
  3. Aptera700 BCE – 67 BCE · city state
  4. Gortyn700 BCE – 67 BCE · city state
  5. Hierapytna700 BCE – 67 BCE · city state
  6. Itanos700 BCE – 67 BCE · city state
  7. Larissa700 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  8. Lato700 BCE – 67 BCE · city state
  9. Lyttos700 BCE – 67 BCE · city state
  10. Opuntian Locris700 BCE – 146 BCE · tribal confederation
  11. Orchomenus (Arcadia)700 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  12. Orchomenus (Boeotia)700 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  13. Ozolian Locris700 BCE – 146 BCE · tribal confederation
  14. Pharsalus700 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  15. Polyrrhenia700 BCE – 67 BCE · city state
  16. Praisos700 BCE – 145 BCE · city state
  17. Tanagra700 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  18. Tegea700 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  19. Thespiae700 BCE – 146 BCE · city state

7th century BCE

  1. Thasos680 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  2. Abdera654 BCE – 350 BCE · city state
  3. Maroneia650 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  4. Leucas640 BCE – 167 BCE · city state
  5. Ambracia625 BCE – 189 BCE · city state
  6. Phocian League600 BCE – 346 BCE · other
  7. Plataea600 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  8. Potidaea600 BCE – 356 BCE · city state
  9. Thessalian League600 BCE – 146 BCE · other

6th century BCE

  1. Amphictyonic League595 BCE – 150 CE · theocracy
  2. Boeotian League550 BCE – 171 BCE · profile
  3. Peloponnesian League550 BCE – 366 BCE · other
  4. Kingdom of Paeonia535 BCE – 217 BCE · kingdom
  5. Kydonia524 BCE – 69 BCE · city state
  6. Roman Republic509 BCE – 27 BCE · profile
  7. Maedi500 BCE – 80 BCE · tribal confederation
  8. Mantinea500 BCE – 223 BCE · city state

5th century BCE

  1. Hellenic Alliance481 BCE – 478 BCE · other
  2. Odrysian Kingdom480 BCE – 46 CE · profile
  3. Olynthus479 BCE – 348 BCE · city state
  4. Delian League478 BCE – 404 BCE · other
  5. Kingdom of Epirus470 BCE – 232 BCE · kingdom
  6. Acarnanian League450 BCE – 31 BCE · other
  7. Amphipolis437 BCE – 357 BCE · city state
  8. Chalcidian League432 BCE – 348 BCE · other
  9. Euboean League411 BCE – 146 BCE · other
  10. Rhodes408 BCE – 44 CE · profile
  11. Tyranny of Pherae406 BCE – 352 BCE · city state

4th century BCE

  1. Second Athenian League378 BCE – 338 BCE · other
  2. Aetolian League370 BCE – 189 BCE · other
  3. Arcadian League370 BCE – 362 BCE · other
  4. Messene369 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  5. Megalopolis368 BCE – 146 BCE · city state
  6. League of Corinth337 BCE – 322 BCE · other
  7. Kingdom of Athamania330 BCE – 189 BCE · kingdom
  8. Delos314 BCE – 167 BCE · city state
  9. Nesiotic League314 BCE – 167 BCE · other
  10. Antigonid Kingdom of Macedonia306 BCE – 168 BCE · profile
  11. Kingdom of Lysimachus306 BCE – 281 BCE · kingdom
  12. Antipatrid Kingdom of Macedonia305 BCE – 294 BCE · kingdom

3rd century BCE

  1. Achaean League280 BCE – 146 BCE · profile
  2. Epirote League232 BCE – 167 BCE · other
  3. Cretan Koinon216 BCE – 67 BCE · other

2nd century BCE

  1. Four Macedonian Republics167 BCE – 146 BCE · republic

7th century

  1. Belegezites600 CE – 900 CE · chiefdom
  2. Smolyani600 CE – 837 CE · tribal confederation
  3. Drougoubitai615 CE – 850 CE · tribal confederation
  4. Strymonians615 CE – 800 CE · tribal confederation
  5. First Bulgarian Empire681 CE – 1018 CE · profile
  6. Republic of Venice697 CE – 1797 CE · profile

8th century

  1. Ezeritai700 CE – 1300 CE · chiefdom
  2. Melingoi700 CE – 1300 CE · chiefdom

9th century

  1. Emirate of Crete824 CE – 961 CE · emirate

10th century

  1. Monastic Community of Mount Athos963 CE – present · theocracy

12th century

  1. County Palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos1185 CE – 1479 CE · county
  2. Second Bulgarian Empire1185 CE – 1396 CE · profile
  3. Principality of Prosek1197 CE – 1202 CE · principality
  4. Lordship of Leo Sgouros1198 CE – 1212 CE · principality

13th century

  1. Kingdom of Thessalonica1204 CE – 1224 CE · crusader state
  2. Latin Empire1204 CE – 1261 CE · crusader state
  3. Lordship of Rhodes1204 CE – 1250 CE · principality
  4. Marquisate of Bodonitsa1204 CE – 1414 CE · margraviate
  5. County of Salona1205 CE – 1410 CE · county
  6. Despotate of Epirus1205 CE – 1479 CE · principality
  7. Duchy of Athens1205 CE – 1458 CE · duchy
  8. Principality of Achaea1205 CE – 1432 CE · profile
  9. Triarchy of Negroponte1205 CE – 1390 CE · principality
  10. Despotate of Melnik1207 CE – 1230 CE · principality
  11. Duchy of the Archipelago1207 CE – 1579 CE · duchy
  12. Lordship of Andros1207 CE – 1566 CE · principality
  13. Lordship of Lemnos1207 CE – 1278 CE · principality
  14. Lordship of Tinos and Mykonos1207 CE – 1390 CE · principality
  15. Venetian Modon and Coron1207 CE – 1500 CE · colony
  16. Barony of Akova1209 CE – 1320 CE · other
  17. Barony of Arcadia1209 CE – 1432 CE · other
  18. Barony of Chalandritsa1209 CE – 1429 CE · other
  19. Barony of Kalavryta1209 CE – 1270 CE · other
  20. Barony of Karytaina1209 CE – 1320 CE · other
  21. Barony of Patras1209 CE – 1276 CE · other
  22. Barony of Vostitsa1209 CE – 1404 CE · other
  23. Venetian Crete1211 CE – 1669 CE · colony
  24. Lordship of Argos and Nauplia1212 CE – 1388 CE · principality
  25. Barony of Passavant1220 CE – 1263 CE · other
  26. Empire of Thessalonica1224 CE – 1246 CE · kingdom
  27. Principality of Thessaly1268 CE – 1318 CE · principality
  28. Latin Archbishopric of Patras1276 CE – 1430 CE · prince bishopric

14th century

  1. Lordship of Chios1304 CE – 1329 CE · principality
  2. Hospitaller Rhodes1310 CE – 1522 CE · theocracy
  3. Duchy of Neopatras1319 CE – 1390 CE · duchy
  4. Maona of Chios1346 CE – 1566 CE · colony
  5. Serbian Empire1346 CE – 1371 CE · kingdom
  6. Despotate of the Morea1349 CE – 1460 CE · principality
  7. Lordship of Lesbos1355 CE – 1462 CE · principality
  8. Despotate of Angelokastron and Lepanto1358 CE – 1408 CE · principality
  9. Despotate of Arta1358 CE – 1416 CE · principality
  10. Republic of Saint Titus1363 CE – 1364 CE · republic
  11. Despotate of Serres1365 CE – 1371 CE · principality
  12. Principality of Gjirokastër1386 CE – 1418 CE · principality
  13. Venetian Ionian Islands1386 CE – 1797 CE · colony
  14. Venetian Nauplia1388 CE – 1540 CE · colony
  15. Venetian Negroponte1390 CE – 1470 CE · colony
  16. Venetian Tinos1390 CE – 1715 CE · colony

15th century

  1. Venetian Monemvasia1464 CE – 1540 CE · colony

17th century

  1. Souliote Confederacy1660 CE – 1803 CE · tribal confederation
  2. Venetian Morea1688 CE – 1715 CE · colony

18th century

  1. Beylik of Mani1776 CE – 1821 CE · principality
  2. Pashalik of Yanina1788 CE – 1822 CE · other
  3. French Ionian Islands1797 CE – 1814 CE · colony

19th century

  1. Septinsular Republic1800 CE – 1807 CE · republic
  2. United States of the Ionian Islands1815 CE – 1864 CE · protectorate
  3. Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece1821 CE – 1822 CE · other
  4. Organisation of Western Continental Greece1821 CE – 1822 CE · other
  5. Peloponnesian Senate1821 CE – 1822 CE · other
  6. First Hellenic Republic1822 CE – 1832 CE · republic
  7. Kingdom of Greece1832 CE – 1973 CE · profile
  8. Principality of Samos1834 CE – 1912 CE · principality
  9. Cretan State1898 CE – 1913 CE · protectorate

20th century

  1. Free State of Icaria1912 CE – 1912 CE · republic
  2. Italian Islands of the Aegean1912 CE – 1947 CE · colony
  3. Provisional Government of Western Thrace1913 CE – 1913 CE · republic
  4. Provisional Government of National Defence1916 CE – 1917 CE · other
  5. Second Hellenic Republic1924 CE – 1935 CE · republic
  6. Hellenic State (1941-1944)1941 CE – 1944 CE · other
  7. Political Committee of National Liberation1944 CE – 1944 CE · other
  8. Hellenic Republic1974 CE – present · republic

In the encyclopedia

Shared histories

States that also lay in other present-day countries:

States of Greece and the Aegean → States of Balkans and Hungary → All country histories →

Cite this page
APA
The Epoch Institute. (2026). History of Greece. In The Epoch Institute States Register. https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/greece
MLA
“History of Greece.” The Epoch Institute States Register, The Epoch Institute, 2026, https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/greece. Accessed .
Chicago
The Epoch Institute. “History of Greece.” The Epoch Institute States Register. 2026. https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/greece.
Harvard
The Epoch Institute (2026) ‘History of Greece’, The Epoch Institute States Register. Available at: https://the-epoch-institute.org/countries/greece (Accessed: ).