Encyclopedia: A
2,706 entries under A · page 26 of 28: Attock – Avan Yuzbashi
AttockPlaceAttock is a town in Punjab, Pakistan, on the Indus near its junction with the Kabul River.- AttritionTermAttrition refers to a form of warfare in which victory depends on wearing down the enemy's manpower and material resources through continuous losses.
- Attus ClaususPersonAttus Clausus was a Sabine leader who, according to Roman tradition, moved to Rome around 504 BCE with a large band of followers.
- AtuatucaPlaceAtuatuca was a stronghold in the territory of the Eburones in northern Gaul, described by Julius Caesar.
Âu ViệtPeople / groupThe Âu Việt were an ancient people of the northern uplands of present-day Vietnam and southern China.
AuchPlaceAuch is a town in Gascony, south-western France, and the capital of the Gers department.
Aucilla RiverPlaceThe Aucilla River flows about 140 kilometres from southern Georgia across northern Florida to the Gulf of Mexico.
AucklandPlaceAuckland is the largest city of New Zealand, on an isthmus between two harbours in the north of the North Island.
Aude (river)PlaceThe Aude is a river in southern France, about 224 km long.- AudienciaInstitutionAn audiencia was a high court of justice in the Spanish Empire, which in the Americas and the Philippines also exercised administrative and political functions.
AudoleonPersonAudoleon was king of Paeonia from about 315 to 285 BCE, son of King Patraos.
Aughnanure CastleWork / monumentAughnanure Castle is a six-storey tower house near Oughterard, County Galway, Ireland, built by the O'Flaherty lords of Iar Connacht in the 15th or 16th century.
AugsburgPlaceAugsburg is a city in Bavaria, southern Germany, and was a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire.
Augsburg ConfessionWork / monumentThe Augsburg Confession is the founding statement of Lutheran belief, drafted by Philip Melanchthon and presented to Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Augsburg in 1530.
August Hermann FranckePersonAugust Hermann Francke (1663–1727) was a German Lutheran clergyman, theologian and educator, a leader of Pietism.
August RevolutionRevolution · 1945The August Revolution was the seizure of power across Vietnam by the Viet Minh in August 1945, after Japan's surrender at the end of the Second World War.
August von GneisenauPersonAugust Neidhardt von Gneisenau was a Prussian field marshal and military reformer.
August von KotzebuePersonAugust von Kotzebue was a German playwright and writer, one of the most performed dramatists of his time, who also served the Russian government.- Augusta RauricaPlaceAugusta Raurica is a Roman town site at Augst near Basel, Switzerland, on the Rhine.
Augusta VindelicorumPlaceAugusta Vindelicorum was the Roman town that became Augsburg, which grew from a military base set up after the Roman conquest of the Alpine region in 15 BCE.
Augusta, SicilyPlaceAugusta is a port town on the east coast of Sicily, between Catania and Syracuse, founded by the emperor Frederick II in 1232.
Augustal prefectTermThe Augustal prefect (praefectus augustalis) was the title of the governor of Egypt in the late Roman Empire.
Auguste ComtePersonAuguste Comte was a French philosopher of the nineteenth century and the founder of positivism, which emphasised science, order and progress.
Auguste de MarmontPersonAuguste de Marmont was a French general and Marshal of the Empire under Napoleon.
Auguste PaviePersonAuguste Pavie was a French explorer and diplomat who mapped much of Laos and Cambodia.
Augustin CalmetPersonAugustin Calmet was a French Benedictine monk and scholar from Lorraine, abbot of Senones from 1728.
Augustinas VoldemarasPersonAugustinas Voldemaras was a Lithuanian historian and politician who became the first prime minister of independent Lithuania in November 1918.
Augustine of CanterburyPersonAugustine of Canterbury was a monk from Rome sent by Pope Gregory I to convert the Anglo-Saxons.
Augustine of HippoPersonAugustine of Hippo was a Christian theologian and bishop from Roman North Africa, born at Thagaste in Numidia.
Augusto B. LeguíaPersonAugusto B. Leguía was a Peruvian businessman and politician who was president of Peru from 1908 to 1912 and again from 1919 to 1930.
Augusto César SandinoPersonAugusto César Sandino was a Nicaraguan revolutionary who led a guerrilla war against the United States Marines occupying Nicaragua from 1927 to 1933, after rejecting…
Augusto PinochetPersonAugusto Pinochet was a Chilean general who led the military coup of 11 September 1973 that overthrew Salvador Allende.- Augustobriga (Lusitania)PlaceAugustobriga was a Roman town in Lusitania on the Tagus, at Talavera la Vieja in the modern Spanish province of Cáceres, in the lands of the Vettones.
- Augusts VossPersonAugusts Voss was a Soviet Latvian politician who served as first secretary of the Communist Party of Latvia from 1966 to 1984.
- Augustus (Roman emperor)PersonAugustus, born Gaius Octavius and known as Octavian before 27 BCE, was the first Roman emperor.
Augustus II the StrongPersonAugustus II the Strong was Elector of Saxony and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, ruling for most of the period from 1697 to 1733.
Augustus IIIPersonAugustus III was Elector of Saxony and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1733 to 1763.
Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgPersonAugustus the Younger was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg who ruled the Principality of Wolfenbüttel from 1635 until his death in 1666.
Augustus, Duke of Saxe-WeissenfelsPersonAugustus was a son of Elector John George I of Saxony and administrator of the Archbishopric of Magdeburg.- AuislePersonAuisle was a Viking leader in Ireland in the 860s, who with Amlaíb (Olaf) ruled the Norse of Dublin and is described in Irish sources as Amlaíb's brother.
- AuktumePersonAuktume was a leader of the Pogesanians, one of the Old Prussian peoples, during the Great Prussian Uprising against the Teutonic Order that began in 1260.
AUKUSInstitutionAUKUS is a security partnership between Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States announced in September 2021.
Auld AllianceEventThe Auld Alliance was the alliance between Scotland and France against England, first sealed by a treaty of 1295 between John Balliol and Philip IV and renewed by most…- AulerciPeople / groupThe Aulerci were a group of related Gallic peoples in north-western Gaul, named by Julius Caesar.
Aulic CouncilInstitutionThe Aulic Council, or Reichshofrat, was one of the two supreme courts of the Holy Roman Empire, alongside the Imperial Chamber Court.
Aulic War CouncilInstitutionThe Aulic War Council, or Hofkriegsrat, was the central military administration of the Habsburg Monarchy, established in Vienna in 1556.- Aulikara dynastyStateThe Aulikara dynasty ruled the region of Dashapura, modern Mandsaur in western Malwa, in the fifth and sixth centuries CE, at first as subordinates of the Gupta Empire.
Aulus Cornelius CossusPersonAulus Cornelius Cossus was a Roman commander of the 5th century BCE who killed Lars Tolumnius, king of Veii, in single combat during the war over Fidenae.- Aulus GabiniusPersonAulus Gabinius was a Roman politician and general.
Aulus PlautiusPersonAulus Plautius was a Roman senator and general who commanded the invasion of Britain ordered by the emperor Claudius in 43 CE.- Aulus Postumius AlbinusPersonAulus Postumius Albinus was a Roman commander in the Jugurthine War.
- Aulus Terentius Varro MurenaPersonAulus Terentius Varro Murena was a Roman general in the early reign of Augustus.
Aulus VibennaPersonAulus Vibenna (Etruscan Avle Vipinas) was an Etruscan warrior of the 6th century BCE from Vulci, brother of Caelius Vibenna.- Aundh ExperimentEventThe Aundh Experiment was a trial of village self-government in the princely state of Aundh, in western India, launched in 1938 by its ruler Bhawanrao Pant Pratinidhi.
Aung SanPersonAung San was a Burmese nationalist leader who founded the Burma Independence Army with Japanese help in 1941.
Aung San Suu KyiPersonAung San Suu Kyi is a Burmese politician, daughter of the independence leader Aung San, who led the democracy movement against military rule from 1988.
AunuʻuPlaceAunuʻu is a small volcanic island off the south-east coast of Tutuila in American Samoa.
AurangabadPlaceAurangabad is a city in Maharashtra, western India.
AurangzebPersonAurangzeb was the sixth Mughal emperor, reigning from 1658 to 1707.
Aurel SteinPersonAurel Stein was a Hungarian-born British archaeologist and explorer who led four expeditions to Central Asia between 1900 and 1930.
Aurelio SaffiPersonAurelio Saffi was an Italian republican politician from Forlì and a close follower of Giuseppe Mazzini.- Aurelius AchilleusPersonAurelius Achilleus was a leader of the revolt against Diocletian in Roman Egypt in 297–298.
Aurès MountainsPlaceThe Aurès Mountains are a range of the Saharan Atlas in north-eastern Algeria, home of the Chaoui Berbers.
AurichPlaceAurich is a town in East Frisia in Lower Saxony, north-west Germany.
Aurora de ChileWork / monumentAurora de Chile was the first newspaper published in Chile, issued weekly in Santiago from February 1812 to April 1813 on a printing press brought from the United States.
Auschwitz concentration campPlaceAuschwitz was the largest Nazi German concentration and extermination camp, built from 1940 near the Polish town of Oświęcim, which the Germans called Auschwitz.
Ausiàs MarchPersonAusiàs March was a Valencian knight and poet, the leading lyric poet of medieval Catalan literature.- AusoniusPersonDecimus Magnus Ausonius was a Latin poet and teacher from Burdigala, modern Bordeaux.
- AussaPlaceAussa is an oasis region in the lower valley of the Awash river in the Afar lowlands of north-eastern Ethiopia, watered by the river before it ends in a chain of lakes.
Austen Henry LayardPersonAusten Henry Layard was a British archaeologist and diplomat who excavated the Assyrian capitals of Nimrud and Nineveh between 1845 and 1851, sending colossal winged…
Austin, TexasPlaceAustin is the capital of the US state of Texas, on the Colorado River.
Austral IslandsPlaceThe Austral Islands are the southernmost island group of French Polynesia in the South Pacific, including Rurutu, Tubuai, Rimatara, Raivavae and Rapa.
AustraliaPlaceAustralia is a continent and country in the southern hemisphere.- Australia Act 1986EventThe Australia Act 1986 comprises matching laws of the Australian and British parliaments that took effect on 3 March 1986.
Australian and New Zealand Army CorpsPeople / groupThe Australian and New Zealand Army Corps was a First World War army corps formed in Egypt in December 1914 under the British general William Birdwood.- Australian Labor PartyPeople / groupThe Australian Labor Party is Australia's oldest political party, formed in the 1890s by the trade union movement in the colonies and organised federally from 1901.
AustriaPlaceAustria is a country in Central Europe with its capital at Vienna.
Austrian EmpireStateThe Austrian Empire was the state ruled by the Habsburgs from 1804, when Francis II proclaimed himself Emperor of Austria, until 1867.
Austrian LittoralPlaceThe Austrian Littoral was a crown land of the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary on the northern Adriatic, formed in 1849 from the coastal parts of the Kingdom of…
Austrian LloydInstitutionThe Austrian Lloyd was a shipping and insurance company founded in Trieste in 1833, which began steamship services in 1836 and became the largest shipping line of the…
Austrian People's PartyPeople / groupThe Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) is Austria's main Christian democratic and conservative party, founded in April 1945 as the successor of the interwar Christian Social…
Austrian State TreatyTreaty · 1955The Austrian State Treaty, signed in Vienna on 15 May 1955 by the four occupying powers and Austria, restored Austria as a sovereign, independent and democratic state.
Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867EventThe Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, or Ausgleich, was the agreement between the Habsburg monarchy and Hungary that created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary.
Austro-Hungarian EmpireStateThe Austro-Hungarian Empire, or Austria-Hungary, was a dual monarchy in Central Europe created by the Compromise of 1867 and ruled by the Habsburg emperor Franz Joseph…- Austro-Hungarian ultimatum to SerbiaCrisis · 1914The Austro-Hungarian ultimatum to Serbia was the list of demands issued by Austria-Hungary in July 1914 after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
Austro-Prussian WarWar · 1866The Austro-Prussian War was a short war fought in 1866 between the Austrian Empire and Prussia, with their allies, for leadership in Germany.
Austro-Russian–Turkish War (1735–1739)War · 1735–1739The Austro-Russian–Turkish War of 1735–1739 was fought between the Ottoman Empire and Russia, joined in 1737 by Austria.
Austro-SlavismReligion / ideaAustro-Slavism was a political programme of the Slav peoples of the Austrian Empire, especially the Czechs, which sought equal rights and autonomy for them within a…
Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)War · 1716–1718The Austro-Turkish War of 1716 to 1718 was fought between the Habsburg monarchy and the Ottoman Empire, which Austria entered in support of Venice, then at war with the…
AuthariPersonAuthari was king of the Lombards from 584 to 590, chosen after a ten-year interregnum during which the dukes had ruled without a king.- AutocracyReligion / ideaAutocracy is a system of government in which supreme power is held by a single ruler, unconstrained by legal or institutional limits.
- Autonomist Party (Dalmatia)People / groupThe Autonomist Party was a political party in the Austrian Kingdom of Dalmatia, founded in the 1860s, that opposed union with Croatia and defended Dalmatia's separate…
- Autonomist Party (Fiume)People / groupThe Autonomist Party was a political party of Fiume, now Rijeka, founded in 1896, which defended the city's self-government against Hungarian centralism and later…
AutunPlaceAutun is a town in Burgundy, eastern France, founded under Augustus as Augustodunum to replace Bibracte as the chief town of the Aedui.
AuxerrePlaceAuxerre is a city in Burgundy, central France, on the Yonne, prefecture of the Yonne department.
AuxiliaInstitutionThe auxilia were the non-citizen troops of the Roman imperial army, recruited from provincial peoples.
AuxoisPlaceThe Auxois is a hilly farming region in the north-west of the Côte-d'Or department in Burgundy, France, whose chief town is Semur-en-Auxois.
AvaldsnesPlaceAvaldsnes is a historic site on the island of Karmøy in western Norway, overlooking the Karmsund strait.
Avalon PeninsulaPlaceThe Avalon Peninsula is a large peninsula in south-eastern Newfoundland, Canada, joined to the rest of the island by a narrow isthmus.- Avan YuzbashiPersonAvan Yuzbashi was an Armenian military commander in Karabakh in the 1720s, when the collapse of Safavid Persia exposed the South Caucasus to Ottoman invasion.