Encyclopedia: I
758 entries under I · page 3 of 8: Ilkhanate – Indian Councils Act 1861
IlkhanateStateThe Ilkhanate was a Mongol state founded by Hulagu Khan in the mid-thirteenth century, ruling Iran, Iraq and neighbouring lands.
Ille-et-VilainePlaceIlle-et-Vilaine is a department of north-western France, in the region of Brittany, named after its two main rivers.
IllerPlaceThe Iller is a river that rises near Oberstdorf in the Allgäu Alps and flows north through Kempten to join the Danube at Ulm.- Illig QaghanPersonIllig Qaghan was the last ruler of the Eastern Turkic Khaganate, reigning from 620.
IllinoisPlaceIllinois is a state of the Midwestern United States, lying between Lake Michigan and the Mississippi river, with Springfield as its capital and Chicago as its largest…- Illinois CountryPlaceThe Illinois Country was the French name for the middle Mississippi valley, in present-day Illinois and Missouri.
IlltudPersonIlltud was a British abbot of around 500, founder of the monastic school of Llanilltud Fawr, now Llantwit Major, in Glamorgan.
IllyriaPlaceIllyria was the name given by ancient Greek and Roman writers to the western Balkans along the eastern Adriatic, home of the Illyrian peoples.- Illyrian ProvincesStateThe Illyrian Provinces were a region of the French Empire created by Napoleon in 1809, after the Treaty of Schönbrunn, from Austrian lands in Carniola, Carinthia…
IllyriansPeople / groupThe Illyrians were ancient peoples of the western Balkans, living along the eastern Adriatic coast and its hinterland.
Illyricum (Roman province)PlaceIllyricum was the Roman province on the eastern shore of the Adriatic, formed in stages during the 2nd and 1st centuries BCE as Rome subdued the Illyrian peoples of the…
IlocosPlaceIlocos is a region of north-western Luzon in the Philippines, a narrow plain between the Cordillera and the South China Sea, home of the Ilocano people.
Iloilo CityPlaceIloilo City is a port city on the south-east coast of Panay in the western Visayas of the Philippines.
Ilona ZrínyiPersonIlona Zrínyi was a Croatian-Hungarian noblewoman, widow of Francis I Rákóczi and mother of Francis II Rákóczi.
IlorinPlaceIlorin is a city in west-central Nigeria that was originally a provincial centre of the Oyo Empire.- Ilorin EmirateInstitutionThe Ilorin Emirate was the southernmost emirate of the Sokoto Caliphate, established in the former Oyo province of Ilorin.
- Ilsharah YahdubPersonIlsharah Yahdub was a king of Saba and Dhu Raydan, ruling from Marib with his brother Ya'zil Bayyin around the late second or early third century CE.
- Ilshu-iliyaPersonIlshu-iliya was the governor of Eshnunna under the last king of the Third Dynasty of Ur, Ibbi-Sin.
- IltaniPersonIltani was a queen of Karana in northern Mesopotamia in the 18th century BCE, wife of King Aqba-hammu, who ruled as a vassal of Hammurabi of Babylon.
- Ilterish QaghanPersonIlterish Qaghan was a Turkic leader who revived Gokturk independence from Tang China in 682 CE.
IltutmishPersonIltutmish was a Turkic slave commander who seized the throne of Delhi in 1211.
Ilum-ma-iliPersonIlum-ma-ili was the founder of the Sealand Dynasty in southern Mesopotamia.- Ilunga KabalePersonIlunga Kabale was a ruler of the Luba kingdom in central Africa, whose reign of c. 1840–1870 belonged to the empire's period of greatest extent.
- Ilunga SunguPersonIlunga Sungu was a ruler of the Luba kingdom in central Africa, reigning c. 1780–1810.
- IluroPlaceIluro was a Roman town on the site of modern Mataró, on the Maresme coast north-east of Barcelona.
Ilya MurometsPersonIlya Muromets is the most popular hero, or bogatyr, of the Russian byliny, the oral epic songs, said to come from the village of Karacharovo near Murom.- Ilyas Bey of MenteshePersonIlyas Bey was ruler of the Turkish beylik of Menteshe in south-western Anatolia, restored to his lands by Timur after the Battle of Ankara in 1402.
Ilyas Shahi dynastyPeople / groupThe Ilyas Shahi dynasty was the first royal house of the united Bengal Sultanate.
Imad al-DawlaPersonImad al-Dawla, Ali ibn Buya, was the eldest of the three Daylamite brothers who founded the Buyid dynasty.- Imad al-Din Abu BakrPersonImad al-Din Abu Bakr was a member of the Artuqid dynasty who established a separate Artuqid line at Harput in 1185, breaking away from the Artuqids of Hasankeyf.
Imad al-Din ZengiPersonImad al-Din Zengi was a Turkish atabeg who became governor of Mosul in 1127 and Aleppo in 1128, founding the Zengid dynasty.
Imad Shahi dynastyPeople / groupThe Imad Shahi dynasty ruled the Berar Sultanate, the smallest of the Deccan sultanates, from Ellichpur in central India.
Imagawa clanPeople / groupThe Imagawa were a Japanese samurai clan, a branch of the Ashikaga founded in the 13th century.- Imagawa UjichikaPersonImagawa Ujichika was a Japanese daimyo who ruled Suruga Province from the late 15th century, after his uncle Ise Moritoki, later Hōjō Sōun, helped secure his succession…
Imagawa UjizanePersonImagawa Ujizane was a Japanese daimyo, son and heir of Imagawa Yoshimoto.
Imagawa YoshimotoPersonImagawa Yoshimoto was a Sengoku daimyo who ruled Suruga, Tōtōmi and Mikawa from Sunpu, one of the most powerful lords of eastern Japan.- Imagawa YoshitadaPersonImagawa Yoshitada was a Japanese warrior lord and shugo governor of Suruga Province.
ImamInstitutionAn imam is a Muslim religious leader, ranging from the leader of congregational prayer to, in Shia Islam, the divinely guided head of the community.
Imam ShamilPersonImam Shamil was an Avar political and religious leader who led the resistance of the peoples of Dagestan and Chechnya against the Russian Empire.- ImamateReligion / ideaThe imamate is the Shia doctrine of leadership of the Muslim community by imams descended from the Prophet Muhammad through Ali.
- ImanaReligion / ideaImana is the creator god of the traditional religion of Rwanda and Burundi, a distant supreme being believed to be the source of life and fertility.
- ÍmarPersonÍmar was a Viking king of Dublin who appears in the Irish annals from 857, often acting with Amlaíb Conung.
- ImariPlaceImari is a port town in Saga Prefecture on Kyushu, Japan.
Imayavaramban NedunceralatanPersonImayavaramban Nedunceralatan was a Chera king of the Sangam period in present-day Kerala and western Tamil Nadu.
Imbabura ProvincePlaceImbabura is a province in the northern highlands of Ecuador, with its capital at Ibarra, named after the Imbabura volcano.
ImbangalaPeople / groupThe Imbangala were bands of warriors in 16th- and 17th-century Angola, organised by initiation rather than kinship and bound by strict military laws called kijila.- Imbokodvo National MovementPeople / groupThe Imbokodvo National Movement was a political party founded in 1964 to represent King Sobhuza II and Swazi traditional authority in the elections that preceded…
ImbrosPlaceImbros (Turkish: Gökçeada) is an island in the northern Aegean Sea near the entrance to the Dardanelles, now part of Turkey.
ImhotepPersonImhotep was a high official of the Egyptian king Djoser of the Third Dynasty in the 27th century BCE and, by tradition, the architect of the Step Pyramid at Saqqara.
Imjin WarWar · 1592–1598The Imjin War was the invasion of Korea by Japan under Toyotomi Hideyoshi in 1592 and again in 1597.
Immanuel KantPersonImmanuel Kant was a German philosopher who lived and taught all his life in Königsberg in East Prussia.- Immigration Act 1987Work / monumentThe Immigration Act 1987 was a New Zealand law that ended the long-standing preference for immigrants from Britain and other traditional source countries.
- Immigration Restriction Act 1901EventThe Immigration Restriction Act 1901 was among the first laws of the new Australian federal parliament and the legal basis of the White Australia policy.
- ImmortalsInstitutionThe Immortals were an elite force of the Achaemenid Persian army, described by Herodotus as numbering ten thousand.
Imo IncidentRevolt · 1882The Imo Incident was a mutiny by unpaid soldiers in Seoul in July 1882.
Imo RiverPlaceThe Imo River is a river of south-eastern Nigeria, about 240 km long, that flows through Igboland to the Atlantic near Opobo.
ImolaPlaceImola is a town in Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy, on the Via Emilia between Bologna and Faenza.
Imperator RomanorumInstitutionImperator Romanorum, meaning Emperor of the Romans, was the imperial title revived in the West when Charlemagne was crowned by the pope in 800.- Imperial AcademyInstitutionThe Imperial Academy, or Taixue, was an institution established under Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in 124 BCE to train officials in the Confucian classics.
Imperial AirwaysInstitutionImperial Airways was the British long-range airline formed in 1924 to link the British Empire by air.
Imperial and Royal ArmyInstitutionThe Imperial and Royal Army was the common army of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, known by the abbreviation k.u.k.- Imperial Asiatic Company of TriesteInstitutionThe Imperial Asiatic Company of Trieste was an Austrian trading company founded in 1775 on the initiative of William Bolts, a former servant of the British East India…
Imperial Chamber CourtInstitutionThe Imperial Chamber Court was one of the two supreme courts of the Holy Roman Empire, established in 1495 as part of imperial reform.
Imperial ConferenceInstitutionThe Imperial Conferences were periodic meetings in London of the prime ministers of the self-governing parts of the British Empire with the British government, held…- Imperial Court of RottweilInstitutionThe Imperial Court of Rottweil was a court of the Holy Roman Empire based in the imperial city of Rottweil, first recorded in the 13th century, which heard cases from…
- Imperial DietInstitutionThe Imperial Diet, or Reichstag, was the assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Empire, including princes, ecclesiastical rulers and imperial cities.
Imperial examinationInstitutionThe imperial examination was the system of competitive examinations, based largely on the Confucian classics, used in China to recruit government officials.
Imperial FlandersPlaceImperial Flanders was the part of the County of Flanders east of the Scheldt that the counts held as a fief of the Holy Roman Empire rather than of the French crown.
Imperial General HeadquartersInstitutionThe Imperial General Headquarters was the supreme command of the Japanese army and navy in wartime, operating under the emperor.- Imperial overextensionHistorical factorImperial overextension is a recurring pattern in which an empire expands beyond its capacity to defend, administer or finance its territories.
Imperial-Royal LandwehrInstitutionThe Imperial-Royal Landwehr was the territorial army of the Austrian half of Austria-Hungary, created in 1869 after the Compromise of 1867 alongside the joint Imperial…
ImphalPlaceImphal is the capital of the state of Manipur in north-eastern India, set in a fertile valley ringed by hills.
ImpressionismReligion / ideaImpressionism was a nineteenth-century art movement, chiefly French, that sought to capture light and fleeting impressions of everyday scenes.
Imre NagyPersonImre Nagy was a Hungarian communist who as prime minister from 1953 to 1955 eased Stalinist repression before being ousted.
Imre SzapolyaiPersonImre Szapolyai was a Hungarian magnate and a leading commander under King Matthias Corvinus.
Imre ThökölyPersonImre Thököly was a Hungarian Lutheran noble who led the Kuruc rebellion against Habsburg rule from 1678.
Imru al-Qays ibn AmrPersonImru al-Qays ibn Amr was an Arab king of the early 4th century, usually counted as an early Lakhmid ruler of al-Hira.
Imru' al-QaisPersonImru' al-Qais was a pre-Islamic Arab poet, a prince of the royal house of Kinda, often regarded as the greatest poet of the Jahiliyya.
Inaba ProvincePlaceInaba Province was an old province of Japan on the Sea of Japan coast, corresponding to the eastern part of present-day Tottori Prefecture.- Inanç BeyPersonInanç Bey was a Turkish frontier lord in western Anatolia who gave his name to the Inançid beylik, centred on Ladik near ancient Laodicea, modern Denizli.
- Inanch Bilge KhanPersonInanch Bilge Khan was ruler of the Naiman, a powerful Turkic-Mongol confederation of western Mongolia in the late 12th century.
InannaReligion / ideaInanna was the Sumerian goddess of love, war and fertility, identified with the Akkadian Ishtar.
Inariyama SwordWork / monumentThe Inariyama Sword is an iron sword excavated in 1968 from the Inariyama Kofun in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, whose gold-inlaid inscription was discovered by X-ray in…- Inaros IIRevolt · d. c. 454 BCEInaros II was a Libyan prince who led a revolt against Persian rule in Egypt from about 460 BCE.
Inca EmpireStateThe Inca Empire was the largest state in pre-Columbian America, centred on Cusco in the Andes of South America.
Inca Garcilaso de la VegaPersonInca Garcilaso de la Vega was a writer born in Cusco to a Spanish conquistador and an Inca noblewoman of the royal family.- IncawasiPlaceIncawasi is an Inca archaeological site in the Cañete valley of Peru, built in the later 15th century during the war against the coastal lordship of Guarco.
Ince Minareli MadrasaWork / monumentThe Ince Minareli Madrasa, the madrasa of the slender minaret, is a Seljuk theological college in Konya, Turkey, built around 1264 for the vizier Sahib Ata Fakhr al-Din…
IncenseTermIncense is aromatic resin or plant material burned for its fragrance, especially in religious rituals.
IncheonPlaceIncheon is a port city on the west coast of South Korea, on the Yellow Sea west of Seoul.
Incident at the Gaoping TombsEventThe incident at the Gaoping Tombs was the coup of 249 in which Sima Yi seized control of the Cao Wei state.
Inconfidência MineiraRevolt · 1789The Inconfidência Mineira was a conspiracy for independence from Portugal among officers, priests, poets and landowners of Vila Rica, Minas Gerais, in 1789.
Increase MatherPersonIncrease Mather was a Puritan minister of Boston's North Church and president of Harvard College from 1685 to 1701.
IncwalaEventIncwala is the most important national ceremony of the Swazi Kingdom (Eswatini), held each year around the summer solstice in December and January.- Independent Commission of ExpertsInstitutionThe Independent Commission of Experts, known as the Bergier Commission, was set up by the Swiss parliament in 1996 and chaired by the historian Jean-François Bergier to…
Independent Social Democratic Party of GermanyPeople / groupThe Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) was formed in 1917 by socialists who broke with the Social Democrats over support for the First World War.
IndiaPlaceIndia is a region of South Asia, home to some of the world's oldest civilisations and a long series of empires, including the Maurya, Gupta, Delhi Sultanate, Mughal…- Indian ArmyInstitutionThe Indian Army was the army of British India, recruited largely from Indian soldiers under British officers.
- Indian Civil ServiceInstitutionThe Indian Civil Service was the elite administrative service of British India, recruited by competitive examination.
- Indian Councils Act 1861Work / monumentThe Indian Councils Act 1861 was a British law that reorganised the government of British India after the rebellion of 1857.