Encyclopedia: M
2,409 entries under M · page 13 of 25: Menabe – Mesoamerican codices
MenabeStateMenabe was a Sakalava kingdom on the west coast of Madagascar, founded in the seventeenth century by the Maroserana dynasty.
MenahemPersonMenahem was king of Israel from about 752 to 742 BCE.
Menai StraitPlaceThe Menai Strait is the narrow tidal channel, about 25 kilometres long, that separates the island of Anglesey from the mainland of north-west Wales.
MénakaPlaceMénaka is a town in eastern Mali, the capital of the Ménaka region, near the border with Niger.- Menalamba rebellionRevolt · 1895–1897The Menalamba rebellion was a rising in highland Madagascar against French rule and the collaborating Merina government, which broke out in late 1895 after the French…
Menander IPersonMenander I was the best-known Indo-Greek king, ruling much of the Punjab and Gandhara from Sagala in the mid-2nd century BCE.
Menarandra RiverPlaceThe Menarandra is a river of southern Madagascar, flowing south-west across the arid plateau to the sea.
Menashi–Kunashir rebellionRevolt · 1789The Menashi–Kunashir rebellion was an uprising of the Ainu of Kunashir Island and the Menashi district of eastern Hokkaido in 1789.
MenciusPersonMencius (Mengzi) was a Confucian philosopher of the 4th century BCE, born in the State of Zou in Shandong.
MendesPlaceMendes was an ancient Egyptian city in the north-eastern Nile Delta, at present-day Tell el-Ruba.
Mendip HillsPlaceThe Mendip Hills are a range of limestone hills in Somerset, England, south of Bristol.
Mendoza, ArgentinaPlaceMendoza is a city in western Argentina at the foot of the Andes, the capital of Mendoza Province.
MendutWork / monumentMendut is a 9th-century Buddhist temple in Central Java, Indonesia, about three kilometres east of Borobudur, built under the Sailendra dynasty.- Mene GrandePlaceMene Grande is a town on the eastern side of Lake Maracaibo in the Venezuelan state of Zulia.
- Menedemus of EretriaPersonMenedemus of Eretria was a Greek philosopher who founded the Eretrian school, which continued the teaching of Phaedo of Elis and focused on ethics and logic.
MenelausPersonIn Greek mythology, Menelaus was king of Sparta, the brother of Agamemnon and husband of Helen.
Menelik IIPersonMenelik II was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1889 to 1913.
MenesPersonMenes was the king whom later Egyptian tradition and Greek historians credited with uniting Upper and Lower Egypt and founding the First Dynasty around 3100 BCE.- Meng ChangPersonMeng Chang was the second and last emperor of Later Shu, one of the Ten Kingdoms, reigning from 934 to 965.
- Meng TianPersonMeng Tian was a general of the Qin dynasty.
- Meng ZhixiangPersonMeng Zhixiang was the founder of Later Shu, one of the Ten Kingdoms of tenth-century China.
Mengistu Haile MariamPersonMengistu Haile Mariam was an Ethiopian army officer who rose to lead the Derg, the military council that overthrew Emperor Haile Selassie in 1974.- MengoPlaceMengo is a hill in Kampala, the capital of Uganda, and the site of the Lubiri, the palace of the kabakas of Buganda, from the 1880s.
Mengu-TimurPersonMengu-Timur was khan of the Golden Horde from 1266 or 1267 until 1280, a grandson of Batu.- Mengujek GaziPersonMengujek Gazi was a Turkmen commander who founded the Mengujekid principality in eastern Anatolia after the Battle of Manzikert in 1071.
MenkaurePersonMenkaure was a king of Egypt's Fourth Dynasty in the 26th century BCE, probably a son of Khafre.
Meñli I GirayPersonMeñli I Giray was khan of Crimea, with interruptions, from 1468 to 1515.
MennonitesPeople / groupThe Mennonites are Anabaptist Christians named after Menno Simons, a Frisian former priest who organised scattered Anabaptist groups in the 1530s and 1540s.
MenorcaPlaceMenorca, or Minorca, is the second-largest of the Balearic Islands, north-east of Mallorca.- MensheviksPeople / groupThe Mensheviks were the moderate faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, formed when it split with Lenin's Bolsheviks in 1903.
- Menteshe BeyPersonMenteshe Bey was a Turkmen leader who, in the 1260s and 1270s, led raiders into the Byzantine coastlands of Caria in south-western Anatolia, taking the country around…
MentonPlaceMenton is a town on the French Riviera close to the Italian border, known for its lemons and mild climate.
Mentuhotep IPersonMentuhotep I was a nomarch of Thebes in Upper Egypt in the late 22nd century BCE and the founder of the Eleventh Dynasty.
Mentuhotep IIPersonMentuhotep II was a king of the Theban Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt.
Mentuhotep IIIPersonMentuhotep III was a king of the Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt, son and successor of Mentuhotep II, who reigned about twelve years around 2000 BCE.
Mentuhotep IVPersonMentuhotep IV was the last king of the Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt, reigning for a few years around 1990 BCE and omitted from later king lists.- MenuaPersonMenua was king of Urartu from about 810 to 786 BCE, the son of Ishpuini.
- MenumorutPersonMenumorut is a ruler described in the Gesta Hungarorum, written around 1200, as the duke of a land between the Tisza, the Someș and the Igfon forest, with its fortress…
MenzingenPlaceMenzingen is a municipality on an upland plateau in the Swiss canton of Zug.- MeosPeople / groupThe Meos are a Muslim community of the Mewat region, in parts of Haryana, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh in north-western India.
MeppenPlaceMeppen is a town in Emsland, Lower Saxony, Germany, where the Hase joins the Ems.
Mer-ÉgéePlaceMer-Égée ('Aegean Sea') was a French department created in 1797 from the southern Ionian Islands, formerly Venetian, after the Treaty of Campo Formio.
MeranoPlaceMerano is a spa town in South Tyrol, northern Italy, on the Passer near its junction with the Adige.
Merbok RiverPlaceThe Merbok River is a river in Kedah, north-western Malaysia, flowing west into the Strait of Malacca south of Gunung Jerai.- MercantilismReligion / ideaMercantilism was an economic doctrine dominant in early modern Europe, holding that national wealth depended on accumulating bullion and maintaining a favourable…
MercedariansPeople / groupThe Mercedarians, the Order of Our Lady of Mercy, are a Catholic religious order founded in Barcelona about 1218 by Peter Nolasco to ransom Christians held captive by…- MercenaryTermA mercenary is a soldier who fights for pay in the service of a foreign power.
Mercenary WarWar · Revolt · 241–238 BCEThe Mercenary War was a revolt by Carthage's unpaid mercenary army and its Libyan subjects from 241 to 238 BCE, following the First Punic War.- Merchant capitalismReligion / ideaMerchant capitalism is an early form of capitalism based on profit from trade rather than industrial production.
The Merchant of VeniceWork / monumentThe Merchant of Venice is a play by William Shakespeare, written in the late 1590s.
Merck GroupInstitutionMerck is a German chemical and pharmaceutical company based in Darmstadt and one of the oldest such firms in the world.
MercosurInstitutionMercosur, the Southern Common Market, is a South American trade bloc founded by Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay through the Treaty of Asunción in 1991.- MerewalhPersonMerewalh was the first known king of the Magonsaete, in the borderlands west of the Severn, in the mid 7th century.
Merfyn FrychPersonMerfyn Frych ('the Freckled') was king of Gwynedd from 825 until his death in 844.
Mérida, SpainPlaceMérida is a city on the Guadiana river in western Spain, capital of the autonomous community of Extremadura.
Mérida, YucatánPlaceMérida is the capital of the Mexican state of Yucatán.
MerionethshirePlaceMerionethshire, or Merioneth, was a historic county of north-west Wales, created by the Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284 after the English conquest of Gwynedd.- Meritocratic recruitmentHistorical factorMeritocratic recruitment is the recurring practice of selecting officials or officers on the basis of ability rather than birth.
- Merksha ŽarkovićPersonMerksha Žarković was a Serbian nobleman who ruled the Principality of Valona (Vlorë) in southern Albania from about 1396 until his death in 1414.
- MerkuriosPersonMerkurios was a king of Makuria in Nubia around the end of the 7th and the beginning of the 8th century; an inscription implies that his reign began in 697.
- Mermnad dynastyPeople / groupThe Mermnad dynasty ruled the Kingdom of Lydia from Sardis from about 680 BCE until the Persian conquest around 547 BCE.
MerneptahPersonMerneptah was the fourth king of the 19th Dynasty of Egypt, son and successor of Ramesses II.
Merneptah SteleWork / monumentThe Merneptah Stele is an inscribed granite slab of the Egyptian pharaoh Merneptah, set up around 1208 BCE and found at Thebes in 1896.- Merobaudes (general)PersonFlavius Merobaudes was a Roman general, probably of Frankish origin, who served the emperors Valentinian I and Gratian.
- Merobaudes (poet)PersonFlavius Merobaudes was a Latin poet and Roman general of the 5th century.
Merodach-baladan IIPersonMerodach-baladan II (Marduk-apla-iddina II) was a Chaldean chief of Bit-Yakin who seized the throne of Babylon in 721 BCE with Elamite support and held it until Sargon…
MeroëPlaceMeroe was an ancient city on the east bank of the Nile in present-day Sudan, the capital of the Kushite Empire from around the sixth century BCE.
MerogaisusPersonMerogaisus was a Frankish king who, together with Ascaric, broke the peace with Rome on the lower Rhine around 306.- Meroitic scriptTermThe Meroitic script was the writing system of the Kingdom of Kush in its Meroitic period, used from about the second century BCE.
MerovechPersonMerovech was a semi-legendary king of the Salian Franks in the mid-5th century, from whom the Merovingian dynasty took its name.
Merovingian dynastyStateThe Merovingian dynasty was the first royal house of the Franks, ruling from the fifth century until 751.
Merowe, SudanPlaceMerowe is a town on the Nile in northern Sudan, near the fourth cataract and the ancient sites of Napata and Jebel Barkal.
Merrimack RiverPlaceThe Merrimack River rises in New Hampshire and flows about 190 km south and then east through Massachusetts to the Atlantic at Newburyport.
Mers El KébirPlaceMers El Kébir is a port town on the Algerian coast a few kilometres west of Oran, with one of the best natural harbours of North Africa.- Mersa GawasisPlaceMersa Gawasis is an archaeological site on the Red Sea coast of Egypt, south of Safaga, where a harbour was used by Middle Kingdom expeditions to Punt and other lands.
MerseburgPlaceMerseburg is a town on the Saale river in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.
Merseburg CharmsWork / monumentThe Merseburg Charms are two magic spells in Old High German, written down in the 9th or 10th century in a manuscript of the cathedral library of Merseburg.
MersinPlaceMersin is a port city on the Mediterranean coast of southern Turkey, capital of Mersin province, which covers the western part of ancient Cilicia.
MértolaPlaceMértola is a town in the Alentejo region of southern Portugal, on a hill above the Guadiana.
MervPlaceMerv was a great oasis city of Central Asia, in present-day Turkmenistan, on the Silk Road.
MeryaPeople / groupThe Merya were a Finnic people who lived in the upper Volga region around Lake Nero and Lake Pleshcheyevo, in the area of Rostov and Yaroslavl.- MeryeyPersonMeryey, son of Did, was a chief of the Libu who around 1208 BCE led a coalition of Libyans and Sea Peoples, including the Ekwesh, Shekelesh, Lukka, Sherden and Teresh…
Meryibre KhetyPersonMeryibre Khety, often counted as Khety I, was the founder of the Ninth Dynasty of Egypt, ruling from Herakleopolis Magna in the First Intermediate Period.
MerymosePersonMerymose was viceroy of Kush, the 'King's Son of Kush', under Amenhotep III in the early 14th century BCE.- Mesa del NayarPlaceThe Mesa del Nayar is a mountain plateau in the Sierra Madre Occidental, in the present-day Mexican state of Nayarit.
- Mesa VounoPlaceMesa Vouno is a limestone ridge on the south-east of Santorini, between Kamari and Perissa, that carried the ancient city of Thera.
- Mesalim of KishPersonMesalim of Kish was an Early Dynastic king of Kish who reigned around 2600 BCE and claimed authority over other Sumerian cities.
- MesannepaddaPersonMesannepadda was a king of Ur around 2500 BCE, named in the Sumerian King List as the founder of the First Dynasty of Ur.
Mesara PlainPlaceThe Mesara is the largest plain of Crete, in the south of the island between the Asterousia mountains and the foothills of Mount Ida.
Meseta CentralPlaceThe Meseta Central is the high inland plateau that covers much of central Spain, at an average altitude of about 600 to 700 metres.
MeshaPersonMesha was king of Moab in the 9th century BCE, known from the Hebrew Bible and his own inscription, the Mesha Stele.
Mesha SteleWork / monumentThe Mesha Stele, or Moabite Stone, is a basalt slab inscribed around 840 BCE for King Mesha of Moab, found at Dhiban in Jordan in 1868 and now in the Louvre.
MeshanPlaceMeshan was a province of the Sasanian Empire at the head of the Persian Gulf, in present-day southern Iraq, corresponding to the earlier kingdom of Characene, also…
MeshcheraPeople / groupThe Meshchera were a Finnic people of the forests along the middle Oka river in central Russia, mentioned in medieval Russian sources.
MeskalamdugPersonMeskalamdug was a ruler of Ur around 2600–2500 BCE, known from finds in the Royal Cemetery excavated by Leonard Woolley.
Meskhetian TurksPeople / groupThe Meskhetian Turks are a Turkish-speaking Muslim people originally from Meskheti, the region of south-western Georgia around Akhaltsikhe along the Turkish border.- MeskiaggasherPersonMeskiaggasher was the first king of the First Dynasty of Uruk according to the Sumerian King List, which calls him a son of the sun god Utu, credits him with a reign of…
MeskwakiPeople / groupThe Meskwaki, called the Fox by the French, are an Algonquian-speaking Indigenous people of the western Great Lakes, closely related to the Sauk.
MesoamericaPlaceMesoamerica is the cultural region of central and southern Mexico and northern Central America where civilisations such as the Olmec, Maya, Teotihuacan and the Aztecs…
Mesoamerican codicesWork / monumentMesoamerican codices are folding books painted on bark paper or deerskin by the peoples of Mesoamerica, recording history, religion, calendars and tribute.